Surrounded by the Byzantine defense wall, the peninsula to the south of the Golden Horn is known as the old town, or the city of Constantine. This part of town is where some of the major attractions of the city stands.

Suggested itineraries are based on the theme that Istanbul was the capital city of two of the largest empires of the world; Byzantine & Ottoman.

• Itinerary I. Byzantine Istanbul --- We will start the day visiting Hagia Sophia, the masterpiece of Byzantine architecture. We will continue on to the ancient Hippodrome, and the Underground Cistern that was a major water supply for the capital city. Also included on tour is the city walls and church of St. Savior in Chora, a spectacular construction of the late Byzantine era. Orientation and free time in the Grand Bazaar.

• Itinerary II. Ottoman Istanbul --- Topkapi was the administrative palace for the Ottoman dynasty for over 400 years. Tour includes the recently renovated treasury, and the Harem, private apartments of the royal family. The Blue Mosque is known for its outstanding 17. century tiles. In the afternoon we will visit the Mosque of Suleiman the Magnificient. We will then walk the back streets of old Istanbul to the Spice Market.

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